KCET 2018 Biology Solved Paper

→ The major enzyme responsible for DNA replication is DNA polymerase III. DNA replication is continuous in one strand and discontinuous in another because DNA polymerase III can polymerize nucleotides only in 5′ → 3′ direction on 3′ → 5′ strand as it adds them at the 3′ end.
→ An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, also called tRNA-ligase, is an enzyme that attaches the appropriate amino acid onto its tRNA. Aminoacyl tRNA therefore plays an important role in RNA translation, the expression of genes to create proteins
→ RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme. Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene. RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule.
→ A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription.