Concept:Newton's First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia) explains why a person tends to fall forward when a bus suddenly stops.
Explanation:Newton's First Law states that an object continues in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
When the bus is moving, the person inside is also moving forward at the same speed.
When the bus stops suddenly, the lower part of the person's body stops because it is in contact with the bus floor.
However, the upper part of the body tends to keep moving forward due to inertia – the resistance to change in motion.
No external force acts directly on the upper body to stop it immediately, so the person falls forward.
This phenomenon directly illustrates inertia, which is the basis of Newton's First Law.
Newton's Second Law involves force and acceleration (
F=ma) and is not directly applicable here.
Newton's Third Law deals with action-reaction pairs, not inertia.
The Law of Conservation of Momentum applies to collisions or explosions, not to this scenario.
Answer:Newton's First Law of Motion (Option C).