(a) Gopal Hari Desmukh (1823–1892), popularly known as ‘Lokahitawadi’, was a product of the Western learning in India. He was a judge and a member of the Governor-General’s Council in 1880. A great social reformer and rational thinker, ‘Lokahitawadi’ urged the people to be self-reliant and seek Western learning.He advocated humanitarianism and social service as the two driving forces in India. A profound scholar,he wrote hundreds of articles on social issues and volumes on history.