Centralization refers to the phenomenon in which activities involving planning & decision-making within an organization are concentrated to a particular leader or location. In a centralized institution, the decision- making powers are retained in the head office, & all other offices receive commands from the main office. Some features of Centralization: • Centralization provides a standardized process, i.e., uniformity in process • Better quality of work & high productivity • Experienced people to take important decisions and to guide • Consistent focus on the vision of the institution • Quick decision making & implementation • Less costly • National unity • Prosperity