Statement 1 is right (by common knowledge) but for the sake of reference-NCERT Class 12 biology page 30! This eliminates "B". Second statement should be wrong because of the extreme word "drastic". This eliminates "D". Besides I'm unable to find any specific reference that mentions linkage between butterfly population vs fungus infection. Birds and spiders tend to prey on butterflies (by common knowledge) so statement 3 is a possible outcome. Hence answer "C": 1 and 3 only.