RNA: RNA is the bridge between DNA and protein synthesis . RNA is chemically similar to DNA but it contains ribose as its sugar and substitutes the nitrogenous base uracil for thymine. Hence statement 2 is correct. It is single-stranded rather than a double helix. To get from DNA requires two major stages, transcription and translation. The process from DNA to RNA is known as Transcription . During transcription, a DNA strand provides a template for the synthesis of a complementary RNA strand. Transcription of a gene produces a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule . During translation , the information contained in mRNA is used to determine the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide . Translation occurs at ribosomes . Chromosomes: Chromosomes are thread-like structures present in the nucleus. Hence statement 1 is correct. These are nothing but DNA tightly coiled around a protein called histone. Chromosomes exist in pairs . Human cells contain 23 such pairs or 46 chromosomes. Each chromosome is comprised of one super-long DNA molecule. The DNA is coiled around histones and then many such histones are packed together to form a chromosome.