Dadabhai Naoroji was the first to discuss the concept of a Poverty Line in pre-independent India. Hence, Statement 1 is correct. He used the menu for a prisoner and used appropriate prevailing prices to arrive at what may be called ‘ Jail Cost of Living ’. His estimation was not very accurate as he ignored the fact that there are only adults in jail and not children . In post-independent India , there has hardly been any attempt to work out a mechanism to identify the number of poor in the country, up to 1990 . Besides the Planning Commission , no individual efforts have been attempted to develop such a mechanism. In post-independent India, there have been several attempts. The Planning Commission formed a Study Group in 1962 . In 1979 , another body called the ‘ Task Force on Projections of Minimum Needs and Effective Consumption Demand ’ was formed. Hence, Statement 2 is correct. In 1989 and 2005 , ‘ Expert Groups ’ were constituted for the same purpose. Besides the Planning Commission , many individual economists have also attempted to develop such a mechanism .