Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the pistil with the help of air, water and insects.
Types of pollination :
(i) Self pollination : Transfer of pollen grain from the anther to the stigma of the same flower.
(ii) Cross pollination : Transfer of pollen grain from the anther of one flower to the stigma of other flower of the same species.
Two agents of pollination are air, water, insects, winds etc.
When correct species of pollen grain lands on the stigma it results in some chemical response from the ovary that causes the growth of pollen tube from pollen grain. The pollen grain slides down the pollen tube and enters the ovary where it meets the egg. This process is called as fertilization and leads to the formation of zygote.
OR
(a) The parts of the female Reproductive system are as follows :
(i) Fallopian tube or Oviduct
(ii) Ovary
(iii) Uterus
(iv) Cervix
(v) Vagina
(b) Contraception is the method by which a female inhibits fertilization and hence prevents pregnancy.
The three advantages of contraception are:
(i) It makes the people more aware about the concept of family planning keeping population under control.
(ii) It educates the people about Sexually Transmitted Diseases and ways to avoid it.
(iii) It helps the female to space children.
(iv) Itreduces theriskofunwanted pregnancies.