(a) Placenta: The placenta is a disc-shaped organ or special tissue that nourishes and protects the foetus through the umbilical cord in the uterus. The placenta helps in connecting the developing foetus to the uterine wall and functions in enabling nutrient absorption, waste elimination, thermoregulation, and gas exchange through the mother's blood supply; to combat internal infection, and to develop hormones that facilitate pregnancy. It also helps in the transportation of glucose and oxygen from the mother to the embryo.
(b) Fallopian tubes: The main function of the fallopian tube is to collect the mature ovum from ovaries and provide passage to the fertilised ovum to reach the uterus for implantation. The fertilisation of the ovum with sperm takes place in the ampulla region of the fallopian tube.
(c) Uterus: The uterus is a pear-shaped muscular organ. It helps in the nurturing of the fertilised ovum which further develops into the foetus and holds inside it till the baby is mature enough for birth.
(d) Ovary: The main function of the ovaries is to produce the female gamete or ovum or oocytes by the process of oogenesis. The ovary also acts as an endocrine gland and secretes female sex hormones.