Concept:NNP at factor cost is the actual income earned by factors of production after removing depreciation and indirect taxes. It is also called National Income.
Explanation:GNP at market price includes depreciation and net indirect taxes.
To get NNP at market price, subtract depreciation from GNP at market price:
NNPMP​=GNPMP​−Depreciation.
To get NNP at factor cost, subtract net indirect taxes from NNP at market price:
NNPFC​=NNPMP​−Net Indirect Taxes.
This final value represents the income earned by land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship, and is known as National Income.
Thus, NNP at factor cost is exactly equal to National Income.
Answer:National Income (Option D)