The easiest way to remember if an IP is private or public is to remember the 3 private ranges.
Private Addresses (RFC 1918 – Not routable on the internet): 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8),
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12) and 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16)