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Directions (Qs. No. 99-104): Read the following passageand answer the questions that follow the passage. Somewords are highlighted to help you answer some of thequestions.
For a few years after it opened its doors to the worldin the 1970s, China was still a socialist economy, unusedto the ways of the capitalist world. My friend, StefanMessman, a professor at Central European University,Budapest, and an authority on socialist law, was a keymember of a Volkswagen team that finalised a deal withChina. He was astonished at the kind of barters that hadto be negotiated to set up a car plant in a country that hadno market economy at that time. China has come a longway since then. Today, it is unrecognisably capitalist,albeit with a communist face. In terms of purchasing powerparity (PPP) it is the dominant economic power in theworld, directly competing with the U.S. for supremacy inscience and technology. India ranks third in PPP. Rarelydo we ask ourselves how a country that was no better offthan India until the m id-1980s, and that suffereddepredations under Communist Party Chairman MaoZedong, has left India so far behind. Lacking goodinstitutional mechanisms to understand China, Indians tendto fall for simplistic explanations such as, “We’re ademocracy, China is not.” There is more to that country’sspectacular rise than just that one factor
For all its vaunted institutions, the West is yet to geta grip on China, but it is constantly seeking to solve theriddle of China’s rise. For example, a recent issue of TheEconomist examined “How the West Got China Wrong”,and Foreign Affairs magazine attempted to fathom“howChina hid its global ambitions” in an article titled “TheStealth Superpower”. Even as the West continues to snarlat China, some of its best institutions and universitieshave collaborations with that country running into millionsof dollars. Harvard University, for instance, has severalongoing programmes with the Chinese government as wellas leading universities like Peking and Tsinghua inengineering, the sciences, management, environment,design and the humanities. Since science and technologyare powering China’s growth, we need to make sense oftho se b y settin g u p w ell-fun d ed , w o rld -classinterdisciplinary centres not just in universities likeJawaharlal Nehru University but also in the Indian Instituteof Science (IISc) and the Indian Institutes of Technologywhich have the best technical and scientific minds in thecountry. Through these centres we should be able to arriveat our own in-depth understanding of China.
For a few years after it opened its doors to the worldin the 1970s, China was still a socialist economy, unusedto the ways of the capitalist world. My friend, StefanMessman, a professor at Central European University,Budapest, and an authority on socialist law, was a keymember of a Volkswagen team that finalised a deal withChina. He was astonished at the kind of barters that hadto be negotiated to set up a car plant in a country that hadno market economy at that time. China has come a longway since then. Today, it is unrecognisably capitalist,albeit with a communist face. In terms of purchasing powerparity (PPP) it is the dominant economic power in theworld, directly competing with the U.S. for supremacy inscience and technology. India ranks third in PPP. Rarelydo we ask ourselves how a country that was no better offthan India until the m id-1980s, and that suffereddepredations under Communist Party Chairman MaoZedong, has left India so far behind. Lacking goodinstitutional mechanisms to understand China, Indians tendto fall for simplistic explanations such as, “We’re ademocracy, China is not.” There is more to that country’sspectacular rise than just that one factor
For all its vaunted institutions, the West is yet to geta grip on China, but it is constantly seeking to solve theriddle of China’s rise. For example, a recent issue of TheEconomist examined “How the West Got China Wrong”,and Foreign Affairs magazine attempted to fathom“howChina hid its global ambitions” in an article titled “TheStealth Superpower”. Even as the West continues to snarlat China, some of its best institutions and universitieshave collaborations with that country running into millionsof dollars. Harvard University, for instance, has severalongoing programmes with the Chinese government as wellas leading universities like Peking and Tsinghua inengineering, the sciences, management, environment,design and the humanities. Since science and technologyare powering China’s growth, we need to make sense oftho se b y settin g u p w ell-fun d ed , w o rld -classinterdisciplinary centres not just in universities likeJawaharlal Nehru University but also in the Indian Instituteof Science (IISc) and the Indian Institutes of Technologywhich have the best technical and scientific minds in thecountry. Through these centres we should be able to arriveat our own in-depth understanding of China.
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