Concept:Enzymes lower activation energy more than acid catalysts. Denaturation disrupts secondary and tertiary structures but not primary. Nucleotides join via phosphodiester bonds, not glycosidic. Quaternary structure involves multiple subunits, not folding of a single chain.
Explanation:Statement A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that greatly reduce activation energy. For sucrose hydrolysis, enzyme sucrase lowers activation energy more efficiently than acid catalysis. So A is correct.
Statement B: Denaturation breaks weak interactions (hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic forces), destroying secondary and tertiary structures. The primary structure (amino acid sequence with peptide bonds) remains intact under mild denaturing conditions. So B is correct.
Statement C: Nucleotides in nucleic acids are linked by phosphodiester bonds between the
5′ carbon of one nucleotide and the
3′ carbon of the next pentose sugar. A glycosidic bond connects the base to
C1 of the same sugar, not between nucleotides. So C is incorrect.
Statement D: The quaternary structure describes the arrangement of multiple polypeptide subunits, not the folding of a single chain. The folding of a single polypeptide chain is tertiary structure. So D is incorrect.
Thus only statements A and B are correct.
Answer:The correct answer is option D: A and B Only.