From question, In 1 sec heat gained by water = 1 KW – 160 J/s = 1000 J/s – 160 J/s = 840 J/s Total heat required to raise the temperature of water (volume 2L) from 27°c to 77°c =mwater×sp.ht×Δθ =2×103×4.2×50[∵ mass = density × volume ] And, 840×t=2×103×4.2×50 or, t=