NIFT UG 2013 Question Paper with solutions

Directions (Qs. 119–121): Read the following situation to answer these questions. Urban areas in India are extremely dirty and the conditions are deteriorating day by day. Big heaps and mounds of piled garbage can be seen not only around slums, but also around busy market places, where transactions in millions take place. Public health is the immediate sufferer and during the spread of any epidemic, lives of people are at the risk. The problems can be overcome by adopting an alternate method of New Public Management (NPM). According to a survey, a traditional bureau chief carries out garbage at present with battalions of sweepers and fleets of trucks. So, much of time is spent in handling inputs to the workers. NPM is the new technique of extension of market principles to public administration. It includes giving contracts of services to the private sectors, which could include cooperatives of former municipal employees. By this method, the bureau chief can supervise the output of his bureau, instead of focusing on inputs. This is the need of the hour as we need clean towns to ensure hygienic atmosphere.