Drawing Venn diagram according to the given information,
Conclusion 1: No merchant is taxpayer → False (This is definitely false) Conclusion 2: Some merchants are taxpayers → False (This is definitely false) Conclusion 3: No shopkeeper is merchant → False (This is definitely false) But, Conclusion 1 and conclusion 2 form a complementary pair. Hence, “either conclusion 1 or conclusion 2” follows.