Option A: Chlorine oxidises ferrous salts to ferric salts in acidic medium. Ferrous ( Fe2+ ) has an oxidation state of +2 . Ferric ( Fe3+ ) has an oxidation state of +3 . Chlorine (Cl2) is a strong oxidizing agent. In acidic medium, chlorine readily oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+ :
2Fe2++Cl2⟶2Fe3++2Cl− This statement is correct. Option B: Chlorine oxidises iodine to periodic acid in water. Iodine (I2) has an oxidation state of 0 . Periodic acid (HIO4) has iodine in a +7 oxidation state. When chlorine reacts with iodine in the presence of water, it typically oxidizes iodine to iodic acid (HIO3), where iodine is in a +5 oxidation state:
I2+5Cl2+6H2O⟶2HIO3+10HCl To obtain periodic acid (HIO4), a much stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine (like hot concentrated nitric acid, or by electrolysis, or certain peroxo compounds) is generally required, or specific conditions like strongly alkaline medium with hypochlorite. Simple "chlorine in water" does not usually produce periodic acid from iodine.
Therefore, this statement is incorrect. Option C: Chlorine acts as a bleaching agent due to oxidation. When chlorine dissolves in water, it forms hypochlorous acid (HOCl):
Cl2+H2O⇌HCl+HOCl Hypochlorous acid is a powerful oxidizing agent. It decomposes to release nascent oxygen ([0]), which oxidizes colored substances into colorless ones, thereby achieving bleaching. HOCl⟶HCl+[O] Colored substance +[O]⟶ Colorless substance Thus, the bleaching action of chlorine is indeed due to oxidation.
This statement is correct. Option D: Chlorine is manufactured by Deacon's process. Deacon's process is an industrial method for the production of chlorine. It involves the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride gas with atmospheric oxygen, usually using copper(II) chloride as a catalyst at high temperatures:
4HCl(g)+O2(g)⇌2Cl2(g)+2H2O(g) While electrolysis of brine is the predominant modern method, Deacon's process is a known and historically significant method for chlorine manufacturing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, Option B is the incorrect statement. The final answer is B
