Statistics The population parameter is the population information or number that describes the population The corresponding sample information is known as Sample Statistics. Sample universe isthe data from which a sample is drawn. Sample design includes the Sampling method (the rules and procedures by which the sample is taken) and the Estimator (the process for calculating sample statistics). Statistical inference is the process of deducing properties of a population by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates from the observed data setsampled from a larger population.