Normally, the tropical deciduous forests are found in the regions of monsoon climate but there are some departures from this close relationship and near correspondence between the regions of monsoon climate and deciduous forest. There are three major areas of tropical deciduous forest biome viz., (i) the Neotropics mainly West Indies, (ii) Indo-Malaysian Zone (mainly in south and south-east Asia except equatorial evergreen rain forest areas) and(iii) Eastern Africa and northern Australia. Besides these major areas, some discontinuous localities of tropical deciduous forest biomes are also found in South Africa, Southern Brazil, SouthEastern U.S.A., Formosa (Taiwan). southern China and Japan (Physical Geography: Biogeography by K. Bharadwaj, p. 112-113).