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UPSC Civil Services 2020 Prelims General Studies Paper I

Question : 8

Total: 100

Other than the Fundamental Rights, which of the following parts of the Constitution of India reflect /reflects the principles and provisions of the Universal Declartion of Human Rights (1948)?

1) Preamble

2) Directive Principles of State Policy

3) Fundamental Duties

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only
2 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3

Validate

Solution:

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948.

A number of fundamental rights guaranteed to the individuals in Part III of the Indian Constitution are similar to the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The following chart makes it very clear:

No	Name of Right	Universal Declaration	Indian Constitution
1	Equality before law	Article 07	Articles 14
2	Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment	Article 21(2)	Article 16(1)
3	Protection of certain rights regarding freedoms of speech, etc,	Article 19	Article 19(1) A
4	Protection in respect of conviction for offences	Article 11(2)	Article 20 (1)
5	Protection of life and personal liberty	Article e 9	Article 21
6	Prohibition of trafficking in human beings and forced labor	Article 14	Article 23
7	Freedom of conscience and free Profession practice and propagation of religion	Article 18	Article 25 (1)
8	Protection of Interests of minorities	Article 22	Article 29 (1)
9	Right of minorities to establish and administer Educational Institutions	Article 20(3)	Article 30(1)
10	Right to property	Article 17 (2)	Not a fundamental rights after amendment 44, but now in Article 300A
11	Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this part	Article 8	Article 32

Apart from Fundamental Rights, elements of Indian constitution’s Preamble, such as equality, liberty, etc., are similar to those enshrined in the UDHR.

Elements of DPSP such equal pay for equal work, just & humane working environment, economic, and social rights are also found in UDHR.

Few sections of Article 51A do have place in UDHR, for e.g.,

Article 26(3) of UDHR states: “Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.”

Article 29 (1) of UDHR states: “Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.”

Hence, the correct option is D. .

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