Federalism can be formed by way of integration ( US ) or disintegration ( Canada ). Indian federalism resembles “ CANADIAN MODEL ”. The word federalism is nowhere mentioned in the Indian Constitution . Article 1 describes India as a UNION of states. It is not a result of an agreement between states and states have no right to secede from the federation. It’s an Indestructible union of destructible states . KC Wheare described it as “ Quasi federalism ”. Granville Austin called it “ Cooperative federalism ” (need for national integrity and unity). Unitary bias (dominance of centre in financial powers, central grants, Niti Aayog).