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Question : 6
Total: 7
(a) "Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation." Examine the statement in context of Civil Disobedience Movement.
OR
(b) Examine the progress of the Civil Disobedience Movement among different strata of society.
OR
(b) Examine the progress of the Civil Disobedience Movement among different strata of society.
Solution:
(a) (i) Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation. On 31 January 1930, he sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands.
(ii) The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.
(iii) Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one of the most essential items of food.
(iv) The tax on salt gave the government monopoly over its production. Gandhiji declared Salt Law as the most oppressive face of British rule.
(v) So he started his famous Salt March with 78 volunteers from Sabarmati to Dandi and urged the Indian to defy peacefully the British.
OR
(b) (i) Rich Peasantry Group: The Patidars of Gujarat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh demanded reduction in revenue and participated in the boycott programmes.
(ii) Poor Peasantery Group: They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted and joined a variety of radical movements often led by socialists and communists.
(iii) Merchants and Industrialists: Under the leadership of prominant industrialists like Purashottamdas Thakardas and G.D. Birla, they formed the FICCI in 1927. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and a RupeeSterling foreign exchange ratio. They gave financial assistance to the movement and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
(iv) Industrial Workers: They did not participate in this movement in large numbers, except in the Nagpur region. They adopted boycott of foreign goods, against law wages and poor working conditions.
(v) Women: They participated in protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail.
(ii) The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.
(iii) Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one of the most essential items of food.
(iv) The tax on salt gave the government monopoly over its production. Gandhiji declared Salt Law as the most oppressive face of British rule.
(v) So he started his famous Salt March with 78 volunteers from Sabarmati to Dandi and urged the Indian to defy peacefully the British.
OR
(b) (i) Rich Peasantry Group: The Patidars of Gujarat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh demanded reduction in revenue and participated in the boycott programmes.
(ii) Poor Peasantery Group: They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted and joined a variety of radical movements often led by socialists and communists.
(iii) Merchants and Industrialists: Under the leadership of prominant industrialists like Purashottamdas Thakardas and G.D. Birla, they formed the FICCI in 1927. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and a RupeeSterling foreign exchange ratio. They gave financial assistance to the movement and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
(iv) Industrial Workers: They did not participate in this movement in large numbers, except in the Nagpur region. They adopted boycott of foreign goods, against law wages and poor working conditions.
(v) Women: They participated in protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail.
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